Hyperthyroidism is the production of excess thyroid hormones by an overactive thyroid gland (speeding up body functions). The most common form of hyperthyroidism is Grave’s disease, which is an autoimmune disorder. Less commonly, hyperthyroidism is Grave’s disease, which is an autoimmune disorder. Less commonly, hyperthyroidism is associated with enlarged nodules in the thyroid gland.

HYPERTHYROIDISM SYMPTOMS AND SIGNS

The characteristic signs of hyperthyroidism include increased appetite, weight loss, increased sweating, heat intolerance, rapid heart rate, and protruding eyes (in people with Graves’ disease). In severe cases, the thyroid gland often becomes enlarged (goitre) and there is physical and mental hyperactivity and muscle wasting.

HYPERTHYROIDISM DIAGNOSIS, TREATMENT, AND OUTLOOK

The diagnosis of hyperthyroidism is confirmed by measuring the level of thyroid hormones present in the blood. The condition can be treated with drugs that inhibit the production of thyroid hormones, by removing part of the thyroid gland, or by radioactive iodine to destroy part of the thyroid tissue.

Many people recover fully after treatment, but their hormone levels need to be monitored regularly so that any further abnormal changes can be detected and treated. Treatment with radioactive iodine may result in hypothyroidism (under-activity of the thyroid gland).

Source: A-Z family medical encyclopedia by BMA

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